The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Uranus and Saturn. The evening stars are Neptune, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Mars.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Virgo. They include England's King Richard I, Richard the Lion Hearted, in 1157; composer Antonin Dvorak in 1841; country music pioneer Jimmie Rodgers, The Singing Brakeman, in 1897; U.S. Sen. Claude Pepper, D-Fla., in 1900; comedian Sid Caesar in 1922 (age 86); actor Peter Sellers in 1925; country music singer Patsy Cline in 1932; former U.S. Sen. Sam Nunn. D-Ga., in 1938 (age 70); and actors Henry Thomas (E.T. -- The Extra-Terrestrial) in 1971 (age 37) and Jonathan Taylor Thomas (Home Improvement) in 1981 (age 27).

In 1565, the first permanent European settlement in what is now the continental United States was founded on the site of the present St. Augustine, Fla.

In 1900, more than 6,000 people were killed when a hurricane and tidal wave struck Galveston, Texas.

In 1935, an assassin shot autocratic U.S. Sen. Huey P. Long, D-La., at the Capitol building in Baton Rouge, La. Long died two days later.

Also in 1935, 19-year-old Frank Sinatra launched his singing career when he appeared with a group called The Hoboken Four on the Major Bowes Amateur Hour radio talent show.

In 1966, Star Trek premiered on NBC-TV.

In 1974, U.S. President Gerald Ford granted former U.S. President Richard Nixon full pardon for any and all offenses he may have committed during his years in office.

In 1993, the Senate approved U.S. President Bill Clinton's national-service bill, which would give participants grants for taking part in community service work.

In 1994, a U.S. Airways jetliner crashed near Pittsburgh, killing 132 people. The accident became the subject of the longest aircraft investigation in the history of the National Transportation Safety Board.

In 1998, the U.S. Justice Department opened a preliminary inquiry into U.S. President Bill Clinton's participation in Democratic fundraising for the 1996 re-election campaign.

In 2005, U.S. President George Bush paid another visit to the hurricane-stricken Gulf Coast and signed a $51.8 billion bill for additional Katrina relief funds.

Also in 2005, the probe into Iraq's oil-for-food program found that U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan's son Kojo used his father's position to profit from the project. Investigators say there was no evidence Annan knew of his son's involvement.

And, more than 1,000 mourners attended the Washington funeral of the late U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice William Rehnquist, who died of thyroid cancer just shy of his 81st birthday. He was buried in a private ceremony at Arlington National Cemetery.

In 2006, a U.S. Senate committee investigative report said no basis was found to link the regime of Saddam Hussein and the al-Qaida terrorist network.

In 2007, the owners of a Louisiana nursing home were found innocent in the deaths of 35 residents who drowned during Hurricane Katrina.

Also in 2007, U.S. Army Gen. David Petraeus, top U.S. troop commander in Iraq, said he supports a drawdown of 30,000 in U.S. troop levels by mid-2008.

The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Uranus and Saturn. The evening stars are Neptune, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Mars.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Virgo. They include the Duc de Richelieu, French statesman and Roman Catholic cardinal, in 1585; Capt. William Bligh of the HMS Bounty, in 1754; Russian author Leo Tolstoy in 1828; Alf Landon, the Kansas Republican who lost the 1936 presidential election to Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, in 1887; Kentucky Fried Chicken founder Harland Sanders in 1890; composer Arthur Freed in 1894; oddsmaker Jimmy the Greek Snyder in 1919; actor Cliff Robertson in 1925 (age 83); rhythm & blues singer Otis Redding in 1941; and actors Tom Wopat in 1951 (age 57), Angela Cartwright in 1952 (age 56), Hugh Grant in 1960 (age 48) and Adam Sandler in 1966 (age 42).

In 1776, the second Continental Congress officially changed the new American nation's name from United Colonies to United States.

In 1850, California became the 31st state.

In 1956, rock 'n' roll singer Elvis Presley appeared on national television for the first time, on The Ed Sullivan Show.

In 1971, more than 1,000 convicts took over the state prison at Attica, N.Y. and held 35 convicts hostage. Four days later, 28 convicts and nine hostages were killed as state police reclaimed the prison.

In 1976, Chinese revolutionary leader Mao Zedong died at age 82.

In 1990, U.S. President George H.W. Bush and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev met in a quickly arranged summit in Helsinki, Finland, to present a united front against Iraq.

Also in 1990, Liberian President Samuel Doe was captured and killed by Prince Johnson's rebels after visiting the headquarters of West African peacekeeping forces in Monrovia.

In 1991, Iraq grounded foreign helicopters carrying U.N. weapons-plant inspectors.

In 1993, in a letter to Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, the PLO recognized the right of the state of Israel to exist in peace and security. In turn, Rabin declared the PLO the representative of the Palestinian people.

In 1994, the United States and Cuba reached an agreement aimed at discouraging Cubans from trying to flee to the United States by rafts or other vessels.

In 1995 sports, Steffi Graf of Germany defeated Monica Seles and won her fourth U.S. Open women's singles title in her first appearance since a fan stabbed her in 1993.

In 1996, Susan McDougal was jailed for contempt after she refused to appear before the Whitewater grand jury on the grounds that she thought the special counsel was out to get the Clintons.

In 1998, independent counsel Kenneth Starr sent to the U.S. House of Representatives his report on his investigation into U.S. President Bill Clinton. He said it contained substantial and credible information ... that may constitute grounds for impeachment.

In 1999, more than 90 people died in the bombing of a Moscow apartment building. The blast was blamed on terrorists from the breakaway republic of Chechnya.

In 2001 sports, Venus Williams defeated her sister Serena for the U.S. Open tennis championship, 6-2, 6-4, the first time since 1884 that sisters had met in a Grand Slam finale.

In 2003, The Roman Catholic archdiocese of Boston and lawyers for about 550 victims of sexual abuse by priests reached an agreement that could run as high as $85 million.

In 2004, U.S. President George Bush urged the United Nations and the international community to put a stop to the violence in Sudan where reported genocide in the Darfur region led to the deaths of an estimated 50,000 people over the past 18 months.

In 2005, Michael Brown, the embattled director of FEMA, roundly criticized for its slow response to Hurricane Katrina, was replaced as hurricane relief coordinator by U.S. Coast Guard Vice Adm. Thad Allen.

In 2006, both Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas and Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert said they were ready to meet with no preconditions. A U.N. report said meanwhile more than 1,000 Palestinian refugees were unable to return home because of Israeli incursions in south Gaza.

In 2007, Britain planned to draw down its strength in Iraq by 250 during the next month with another 250 soldiers sent home in the near future. Britain had about 5,500 troops in Iraq.

The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Uranus and Saturn. The evening stars are Neptune, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Mars.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Virgo. They include English scientist and clergyman John Needham in 1713; physicist Arthur Holly Compton in 1892; English critic Cyril Connolly in 1903; film director Robert Wise in 1914; golfer Arnold Palmer in 1929 (age 79); television journalist Charles Kuralt and homer-hitting baseball star Roger Maris, both in 1934; singer Jose Feliciano in 1945 (age 63); musician Joe Perry in 1950 (age 58), and actors Amy Irving in 1953 (age 55), Colin Firth in 1960 (age 48) and Clark Johnson (Homicide: Life on the Street) in 1954 (age 54).

In 1813, U.S. naval units under the command of Capt. Oliver Perry defeated a British squadron in the Battle of Lake Erie.

In 1823, Simon Bolivar, who led the wars for independence from Spain in Venezuela, Colombia, Peru and Bolivia, was named president of Peru with dictatorial powers.

In 1846, Elias Howe received a patent for the sewing machine.

In 1963, blacks entered the white public schools of Birmingham, Tuskegee and Mobile, Ala., after U.S. President John Kennedy federalized the state's National Guard.

In 1996, the United Nations approved the new nuclear test ban treaty, 158-3.

Also in 1996, Hurricane Hortense hit Puerto Rico and Hispaniola, killing 20 people.

In 1998, Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams had face-to-face talks with David Trimble, leader of Northern Ireland's Protestant Unionists, for the first time.

In 2000, the U.S. government agreed to drop virtually all charges against Chinese-American scientist Wen Ho Lee, accused of stealing nuclear secrets from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.

In 2002, Switzerland and Timor-Leste joined the United Nations, expanding the membership roll to 191.

In 2003, the former treasurer of bankrupt Enron was sentenced to five years in prison after pleading guilty to criminal wire fraud and ordered to give up close to $1 million in profits from his illegal transaction.

In 2004, top U.S. forensic document specialists said papers described by CBS News as proving U.S. President George Bush shirked military duty may have been faked.

In 2005, Hurricane Katrina's disruption pushed gas prices in European countries to staggering levels. British drivers were reported paying the equivalent of $7 a gallon.

In 2007, a rebel leader claims the Sudanese government has bombed Darfur, killing at least 28 people. An estimated 200,000 people are believed to have died in the rebel-ravaged town of Darfur in the past four years.

The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Uranus and Saturn. The evening stars are Neptune, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Mars.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Virgo. They include American short story writer O. Henry (William Sydney Porter) in 1862; author D.H. Lawrence in 1885; Jimmie Davis, former Louisiana governor and songwriter (You Are My Sunshine) in 1899; University of Alabama Football Coach Paul Bear Bryant in 1913; former Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos in 1917; Pro Football Hall of Fame Coach Tom Landry in 1924; filmmaker Brian De Palma in 1940 (age 68); entertainer Lola Falana in 1942 (age 66); actresses Amy Madigan in 1950 (age 58), Kristy McNichol in 1962 (age 46), and Virginia Madsen in 1961 (age 47); and actor/singer Harry Connick Jr. in 1967 (age 41).

In 1777, troops commanded by Gen. George Washington were defeated by the British under Gen. William Howe in the Battle of Brandywine.

In 1841, all members of U.S. President John Tyler's Cabinet except Secretary of State Daniel Webster resigned in protest of Tyler's veto of a banking bill.

In 1847, Stephen Foster's first hit, Oh! Susanna, had its debut at a concert in a Pittsburgh saloon and soon became standard for minstrel troupes.

In 1921, Fatty Arbuckle, one of the foremost comedians of the silent movie days, was arrested on suspicion of manslaughter in the death of a starlet in an alleged sexual assault during a wild drinking party. Arbuckle eventually was cleared but his career had been ruined.

In 1959, Congress passed a bill authorizing food stamps for low-income Americans.

In 1973, the elected Socialist government of Salvador Allende of Chile was toppled in a right-wing military coup supported by the CIA. Allende died, reportedly by his own hand.

In 1985, Pete Rose's 4,192nd hit broke Ty Cobb's 57-year-old career Major League Baseball record. He finished his career with 4,256 hits.

In 1991, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev announced negotiations to withdraw 11,000 Soviet military advisers from Cuba and eliminate a $2 billion annual subsidy.

In 1996, the Iraqis fired at -- but missed -- two U.S. warplanes patrolling the no-fly zone. Washington ordered U.S. forces to the region.

In 1997, Mother Teresa received the first state funeral accorded a private citizen of India since the death of Mohandas K. Gandhi in 1948.

In 1998, as the U.S. House of Representatives voted to release to the public the text of the Starr report, U.S. President Bill Clinton told religious leaders that he had sinned.

In 2001, Islamic terrorists attacked the United States, crashing two hijacked airliners into the twin towers at New York's World Trade Center and another into the Pentagon outside Washington. A fourth plane crashed in Pennsylvania, apparently en route to Washington, when passengers jumped their captors. A reported 2,974 people were killed, most of them in the trade center towers, which collapsed.

U.S. President George W. Bush pledged to destroy the responsible terrorist organizations and the regimes that supported them. Osama bin Laden, a wealthy anti-American Saudi exile operating out of Afghanistan and leader of al-Qaida, a shadowy, far-flung terrorist organization, was identified as the ringleader of the attacks.

In 2002, Ramzi bin al-Shibh, under German indictment on 3,000 charges of murder stemming from the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, was arrested in Pakistan with others allegedly linked to al-Qaida.

In 2003, the Israeli government decided in principle to deport Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat but said it would hold off taking such action for now.

In 2004, a powerful Hurricane Ivan pounded Jamaica, popping roofs off houses, downing hundreds of trees and sending 23-foot waves ashore. The storm's death toll stood at 37 as it headed toward the Cayman Islands and Cuba.

In 2006, in a series of speeches commemorating the fifth anniversary of the 2001 terrorist attacks on New York and Washington, U.S. President George Bush defended his decision to invade Iraq which he said had made the United States safer and likened the fight against terrorism to conflicts with Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.

In 2007, presidential hopeful Hillary Clinton's campaign said it would begin vigorous criminal background checks on its major fundraisers, a response to revelations about Norman Hsu, a fundraiser once convicted of fraud.

The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Uranus and Saturn. The evening stars are Neptune, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Mars.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Virgo. They include Richard Gatling, inventor of the Gatling gun, in 1818; newspaperman Charles Dudley Warner in 1829; critic H.L. Mencken in 1880; French entertainer Maurice Chevalier in 1888; comedian Ben Blue in 1901; bandleader Shep Fields in 1910; U.S. Olympic track star Jesse Owens in 1913; singer/bandleader Eddy Howard in 1914; singer Ella Mae Morse in 1924; actor Ian Holm and country music singer George Jones, both in 1931 (age 77); circus animal trainer Gunther Gebel-Williams in 1934; actress Linda Gray in 1940 (age 68); singers Maria Muldaur in 1943 (age 65) and Barry White in 1944; and actors Peter Scolari in 1954 (age 54), Rachel Ward in 1957 (age 51) and Darren E. Burrows (Northern Exposure) in 1966 (age 42).

In 1609, Henry Hudson discovered what's now known as the Hudson River.

In 1940, near Montignac, France, a collection of prehistoric cave paintings, believed to be 15,000 to 17,000 years old, were discovered by four teenagers who stumbled upon the ancient artwork after following their dog down a narrow entrance into a cavern.

In 1953, six months after the death of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev succeeded him with his election as first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

In 1958, Little Rock High School in Arkansas was ordered by the U.S. Supreme Court to admit black students.

In 1969, heavy bombing of Vietnam resumed under orders from U.S. President Richard Nixon.

In 1974, military officers deposed Emperor Haile Selassie from the Ethiopian throne he had occupied for more than half a century.

In 1977, Steven Biko, leader of South Africa's Black Consciousness Movement, died of severe head trauma on the stone floor of a prison cell in Pretoria. Six days earlier, he had suffered a major blow to his skull during a police interrogation.

In 1990, the four victorious allies of World War II and the two Germanys formally ended the war, signing a treaty that cleared way for a united Germany on Oct. 3.

In 1992, Endeavor rocketed into orbit on NASA's 50th shuttle flight; a $140 million Japanese-sponsored science mission featuring married astronauts and a menagerie of fish, frogs and other critters.

Also in 1992, actor Anthony Perkins, best known for his role of Norman Bates in Psycho, died of AIDS. He was 60.

In 1994, a pilot crashed his small plane on the White House lawn, killing himself and creating an alarm over presidential security.

In 1999, North Korea agreed to stop testing its long-range ballistic missiles. In response, the United States eased sanctions against the Communist state.

In 2001, the day after the terrorist attacks, as around-the-clock workers continued to search for survivors in the World Trade Center wreckage, U.S. President George Bush was given the go-ahead by a supportive Congress to use all necessary and appropriate force needed against those responsible.

In 2002, U.S. President George Bush told the U.N. General Assembly he would work with the U.N. Security Council to meet the challenge from Iraq but said the world must move decisively to deal with the threat from Iraq's weapons of mass destruction.

In 2003, the U.S. State Department warned that al-Qaida may be plotting chemical or biological attacks on the United States.

Also in 2003, Mumbai police said they had killed a man suspected of masterminding twin bomb blasts Aug. 25 in India that killed 52 and injured more than 150.

In 2004, Iran announced it planned to start processing 37 tons of uranium yellowcake, which Western intelligence officials estimated could be used to build five nuclear bombs.

In 2005, Michael Brown resigned as head of the beleaguered U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency after being severely criticized for slow federal response to the Katrina devastation in New Orleans and three days after being stripped of his post-hurricane recovery duties.

Also in 2005, the last of the Israeli troops left the Gaza Strip as planned and the Palestinians immediately reclaimed the area Israel had controlled since the 1967 war.

In 2006, Pope Benedict XVI, in his first papal trip to his native Bavaria, in Germany, angered Muslims in a speech with a 14th-century quote criticizing Islam, leading to church bombings and other protests. The pope apologized for any offense caused, saying the words didn't reflect his own views.

Also in 2006, four family members were convicted in an Indian court of taking part in 1993 terror bombings in Mumbai that killed 257 people.

In 2007, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe resigned after just one year in office amid a series of financial scandals.

Also in 2007, Russia announced the successful test of a non-nuclear bomb that is reportedly as devastating as an atomic weapon.

The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Uranus and Saturn. The evening stars are Neptune, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Mars.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Virgo. They include U.S. Army bacteriologist Walter Reed in 1851; Gen. John Black Jack Pershing, hero of World War I, in 1860; author Sherwood Anderson in 1876; English author J.B. Priestly in 1894; actress Claudette Colbert in 1903; Bill Monroe, the father of bluegrass music, in 1911; author Roald Dahl in 1916; singer Mel Torme in 1925; TV producer Fred Silverman in 1937 (age 71); Miss Manners Judith Martin in 1938 (age 70); actor Richard Kiel in 1939 (age 69); singer/songwriter Peter Cetera in 1944 (age 64); actress Jacqueline Bisset in 1944 (age 64); singer/actress Nell Carter in 1948; and actors Jean Smart in 1951 (age 57) and Ben Savage in 1980 (age 28), and Olympic track gold medalist Michael Johnson in 1967 (41).

In 1759, in the French and Indian War, the British defeated the French near the city of Quebec.

In 1788, Congress authorized the first U.S. national election, to be conducted the first Wednesday in January next (1789).

In 1814, during the British attack on Fort McHenry, Md., Francis Scott Key wrote the lyrics of The Star-Spangled Banner.

In 1922, the temperature at El Azizia, Libya, reached 136 degrees F., generally accepted as the world's highest recorded atmospheric temperature.

In 1971, New York state forces stormed and regained control of Attica state prison in a riot that killed 42 people.

In 1991, the United States and Soviet Union declared they would cease arms sales to Afghanistan.

In 1993, in a dramatic ceremony at the White House, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat signed a declaration of principles for Palestinian self-rule.

In 1996, the Dow closed at more than 5,838, a record high.

In 1998, George Wallace, former Alabama governor, presidential candidate and one of the most controversial politicians in U.S. history, died in Montgomery, Ala., at the age of 79.

In 1999, at least 118 people were killed in the bombing of a Moscow apartment building. The blast was the latest in a series of explosions blamed on terrorists from the breakaway republic of Chechnya.

In 2000, Los Alamos scientist Wen Ho Lee, accused of stealing sensitive nuclear weapons data, was freed after serving nine months in prison.

In 2001, airports closed after the terrorist attacks began reopening but Logan Airport in Boston, where two of the hijacked planes took off, and Reagan National in Washington remained closed.

In 2002, two U.S. Air Force pilots whose bombs had killed four Canadian soldiers in Afghanistan were charged with involuntary manslaughter and assault.

In 2003, U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell flew to Iraq for his first official visit to meet with the new 25-member governing council.

In 2005, the owners of a New Orleans-area nursing home where 34 residents died during Katrina flooding were charged with 34 counts of negligent homicide. Officials said the residents apparently had been left to fend for themselves against the rising waters.

Also in 2005, U.S. President George Bush said he took responsibility for serious problems in the federal government's response to Hurricane Katrina. He said he wanted to look forward to recovery and do assessments later.

In 2007, Indonesian officials say the country was hit by 60 earthquakes and aftershocks in a 24-hour period following the deadly and destructive 8.4 quake that rattled Sumatra.

The moon is waxing. The morning star is Saturn. The evening stars are Neptune, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Uranus and Mars.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Virgo. They include Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov in 1849; artist and illustrator Charles Dana Gibson, Gibson Girl creator, in 1867; Margaret Sanger, American pioneer leader in the birth control movement, in 1879; film director/producer Hal Wallis in 1899; and actors Clayton Moore, serial action star of the 1940s who later played the Lone Ranger on television, in 1914, Walter Koenig (Star Trek) in 1936 (age 72), Joey Heatherton in 1944 (age 64), Sam Neill in 1947 (age 61), Mary Crosby in 1959 (age 49) and Faith Ford in 1964 (age 44).

In 1628, Salem, Mass., focal point of the notorious witch trials of the late 1700's, was founded.

In 1776, the British army entered New York City after defeating the Americans, under Gen. George Washington, at the Battle of Long Island.

In 1847, Mexico City was occupied by the U.S. Army.

In 1901, U.S. President William McKinley died of wounds inflicted by an assassin eight days earlier. He was succeeded by his vice president, Theodore Roosevelt.

In 1920, the first live radio dance music was broadcast, carried by a Detroit station and featuring Paul Specht and his orchestra. The idea caught on fast.

In 1959, the Soviet probe Lunik-2 became the first Earth-launched space vehicle to land on the moon.

In 1963, the first surviving U.S. quintuplets were born in Aberdeen, S.D., to Maryann and Andrew Fischer.

In 1962, Princess Grace of Monaco -- American film actress Grace Kelly -- was killed when her car plunged off a mountain road by the Cote D'Azur. She was 52.

In 1984, Joe Kittinger, 56, left Caribou, Maine, in a 10-story-tall helium balloon to make the first solo trans-Atlantic balloon crossing. He reached the French coast on the 17th and landed in Italy the next day.

In 1990, Iraqi soldiers stormed the French, Belgian and Canadian diplomatic buildings in Kuwait and briefly detained five diplomats, including a U.S. consul.

In 1991, the South African government, ANC, Inkatha Freedom Party and 20 other anti-apartheid groups signed a peace accord to end black factional violence.

In 1992, the U.S. Senate voted to repeal the so-called gag rule prohibiting healthcare workers at federally financed clinics from telling pregnant patients that abortion is an option.

In 1996, Bosnians elected a three-person collective presidency: one Muslim, one Serb and one Croat.

In 2001, U.S. President George Bush proclaimed this to be a day of national mourning and remembrance for those killed in the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. The FBI identified the hijackers and learned that several had taken flying lessons in Florida.

In 2003, an estimated 124 people were reported dead or missing after South Korea was struck by the most powerful typhoon to hit the nation in a century.

Also in 2003, Swedish voters turned thumbs down on a proposal to make the euro the national currency.

In 2004, a massive car bomb killed 47 people and injured more than 100 others in Baghdad, catching mostly conscripts seeking a job in the Iraqi police force.

In 2005, 12 suicide bombings in Baghdad, aimed at Shiites and believed to be carried out by Sunnis, killed 167 people and injured 600.

Also in 2005, Delta Air Lines and Northwest Airlines, the third and fourth largest U.S. air carriers, filed for bankruptcy as the industry continued to reel under record high jet fuel costs.

In 2006, the U.S. House of Representatives voted to build a 700-mile fence along the U.S.-Mexico border to control immigration and sent it to the Senate.

In 2007, the CIA reportedly moved to ban water-boarding, a controversial interrogation procedure involving the simulation of drowning, widely viewed as torture.

Also in 2007, former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto said she planned return to Pakistan from exile in October to bring back true democracy.

And, California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger signed a law barring residents under the age of 18 from using mobile devices, including cell phones, while driving.